Client Project - Research

I researched a variety of things,

I first researched Lenroy Guiste to see if i can find out anything people may not know about him and found that he was part of the Porcelain Dolls, Royal Roots band, and that he toured with Macka B.

http://www.ukscreen.com/band/josieakers

• Porcelain Dolls - Josie Akers Lead singer/songwriter, Lenroy Guiste Bass Player, Tony Smith Lead Guitar, Edmund Keanan Drums
• Together for 2 years as of 2006

As i couldnt find much about just him I started researching more about The Natural Ites and found out the following from: http://andybrouwer.co.uk/nites.html

· Started in 1982, “Called it a day” 1990

· First Break when appeared on Rockers Roadshow w/ Jamaican DJ Mikey Dread

· First single 1983 “Picture On the Wall” on own Realistics label.

· Went to top of reggae charts

· Airplay on BBC Radio 1 in particular, widened the band's appeal and fan-base,

· television appearances on Channel 4's The Tube, constant gigging around the country, helped the single to enter the mainstream British singles chart, no mean feat for an independent reggae outfit

· First album 1985 “Picture On the Wall” Lead Vocals: Ossie Samms, Percy 'JP' McLeod and Neil Foster. Musicians by The Realistics

· The Picture album, released on the CSA label and produced by Johnny White.

· Recording took place in London and Nottingham, mixing at the Aquarius Studios in Jamaica.

· second single, Lion Inna Jungle, quickly followed their initial successful release

· Within a year, a third single, Lately, was making an even bigger impact and remained at the number one spot in the UK Reggae charts for six weeks

· second album, Marvellous, released in 1987 by this time, Neil Foster had departed leaving Samms and McLeod as the main pairing.

· The Marcus Garvey Studio in Nottingham was home to the recording, again under the control of producer Johnny White, with the album released on the Realistics Record label.

· Another single, Cry For You was released, followed up by a Temptations cover version, I Wish It Would Rain and Happen All Over Again.

· final album, Naturalites in Ites, was released in 1989

· failed to make the same impact as their previous releases and marked the beginning of the end for Nottingham's finest

· Within a year the band's members had gone their separate ways and the British and worldwide reggae fraternity had lost one of its finest exponents.

· Percy solo album, Upside Downside, produced by his former Realistics compatriot Lenroy Guiste

· Guiste himself is the bassist with the Royal Roots and Porcelain Dolls bands

I then looked more into different Documentary Styles: http://www.fromtheheartproductions.com/interview10.shtml

The Expository Style (Direct Address Documentary Voice): The expository (or Griersonian) style addresses the audience directly, usually through a narrator. The narrator is separated from the subject of the documentary and is making verbal commentary on it. This style tends to rely on the narration to tell the story rather than continuous visual images. Expository films usually seek to inform or instruct, are very pointed and leave little room for interpretation. Interviews, voice-over, and archival images are often combined as in Ken Burns' popular Civil War (1990).

The Impressionistic Style: The impressionistic style is more artistic than real. It seeks to create the art and impression to convey a story, rather than using a hard-hitting, objective lens. A film made in this style may take on the production qualities of a fictional film (reenactments) utilizing actors, stages, and art direction.

The Observational Direct Style (Direct Address to Viewer Documentary Voice): This style tries to mirror the world, rather than create a specific argument. Often this style of film is a series of vignettes. The direct observational style is noninterventionist and focuses on the immediate time.

The Observational Verité Style (Cinema Verité Documentary Voice): Observational Verité recognizes it’s very difficult to achieve the goal of nonintervention in the direct observational style, because once the subject is aware of the camera, the subject will modify his or her behavior. Thus verité uses the camera to invoke an interaction or response with the subject.

The Reflexive Style (Self-Reflexive Documentary Voice/Cinematic Essay): The reflexive style also recognized the difficulties of the observational direct style, and overcomes this by involving the filmmakers in the film itself. For example, a film that shows the documentarians filming the film utilizes a reflexive style

PRP - Book Research

I spent theese two days going through the books and reading sections that I thought would help me in writing my essay and planning my overall project. Some of the most interesting parts i have read was about the new MTV style which has come from the Music Video. I found this in The Technique of Film and Video Editing, it has been made popular by young audiences "looking for quick, evocative visual stimuli". It's biggest differnece from the more origional styles are that it doesn't usually have any set narritave goals but use feeling or mood as the main layers.

PRP - Getting Books

Today I searched for relevant books on the library website. I was trying to search for books on attention span but couldn't find any, I am presuming this is because attention span would be inside another topic. I also looked for older and newer techniques/ styles of editing. I found 3 books in the end. Two were at Clifton so I ordered those to come, I got an email the next day saying they were in and so I went and got all 3 of them.

• Film Style and Technology: History and Analysis, 2nd Extended Edition by Barry Salt
• Sound Technology and the American Cinema: Perception, Representation, Modernity by James Lastra
• The Technique of Film and Video Editing: History, Theory, and Practice, Fourth Editiong By Ken Dancyger

PRP - Research

I searched online for journal articles and News articles. I was having problems trying to find useful articles and as I am a very slow reader it takes me a long time to find what exactly is important in the variety of articles I was reading.
I then spoke to a mate who is also on my course Joe Stratton who told me about Google Scholar which is a website that shows full literature works in a variety of different publishing formats. I managed to find more published articles but still it took me far too long to get what I wanted out of them.

These are the main sources I found:

The Directors Template: 180 degree axis rule and coverage. Kuleshov effect http://www.solutioneers.net/cinema/axis.htm
The Kubrick Corner The Kuleshov effect
http://kubrickfilms.tripod.com/id21.html
Times Higher Education 'MTV generation learns through fun' http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storycode=403507
EastGate span of attention
http://www.eastgate.com/HypertextNow/archives/Attention.html
The 'Grammar' of Television and Film http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/short/gramtv.html
Journal Article Excerpt:Scott Bukatman. Matters of Gravity: Special Effects and Supermen in the 20th Century Journal article by Oscar R. Marti; Utopian Studies, Vol. 16, 2005 Special effects – changes perception of viewers http://www.questia.com/googleScholar.qst;jsessionid=KmrYxww6Lv0gnqqxNnSml5QKvmntS68BTQxfr0vpfGs7dryT2TTJ!568259201!-950397748?docId=5009651178
The Effects of edits on arousal, attention, and memory for television messages: When an edit is an edit can an edit be to much?
http://www.theaudioprof.com/research/pubs/potter.edits.pdf
Times Higher Education 'MTV generation learns through fun' http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storycode=403507
Eastgate Span of attention
http://www.eastgate.com/HypertextNow/archives/Attention.html
Addressing diverse learning styles through the use of multimedia Atlanta, GA, USA November 01-November 04 ISBN: 0-7803-3022-6 http://www.computer.org/portal/web/csdl/doi/10.1109/FIE.1995.483093
Carol A. Bodensteiner’s paper on “Predicting Public and Media Attention Span for Social Issues” found at:
http://www.carolbodensteiner.com/Carol_Bodensteiner/Writing%20_files/PRQ-Predicting%20Attention%20Span-1996.pdf.

PRP - Agreement form

PRP Topic Submission Form

Complete this form through consultation with your project supervisor. Use it as a tool for further elaborating your research direction. Fill it out electronically then print it off and get it signed by your supervisor before handing it in to the Multimedia Programme administration office in Week 14 (27/10/2009 Wav128)‏.

What is your PRP research question?

Have current delivery methods and techniques have changed the perception of the viewer?

What is your PRP research topic?

I plan to research whether current delivery methods and techniques have changed the perception of the viewer. The film industry is growing and different software is being developed allowing the film makers to use more advanced special effects and have the ability to create more surreal plots. Thus the viewers are more accepting to different scenarios. There has also been an increase in popularity of three styles of audiovisual which are sitcoms, music videos, and sound bites. The rise of these styles has resulted in a lot of critics saying that these styles are “debased by their brevity” and has decreased viewer’s attention spans. The supposed decrease of viewer’s attention spans could be affecting the development and style of editing for current work being produced. The increase in internet and high speed internet connections in households has changed the delivery methods of media drastically, with a huge increase of audiovisual work being uploaded onto the internet. I shall look at different multimedia contexts and a variety of different styles of audiences. These will range from work on internet sites where anyone can upload their videos on to, such as YouTube to film festivals and audiovisual exhibitions where the works will be from practitioners. I will find how these different styles of delivery will impact the audience’s perception. I think they will alter as people viewing mainstream based programming such as at film festivals are more likely to have a greater knowledge in the subject, and understand what a film maker is trying to say when using different techniques, compared to someone using social based programming such as watching a video on YouTube who may have not much or no interest in film. To try and find out if the delivery methods have changed the viewers perception I shall collect my own data by carrying out tests on people from the younger “MTV generation” and people from the older generations and see if there is a change in perception and research more into the subject by reading books and searching for papers on related topics. I will also look different older techniques and theories and compare them to the more modern ones, for example Lev Kuleshov’s theory of “relationship” editing and see how the old theory has been adapted and used in more modern practitioners work such as Stanley Kubrick’s “The Shining” and “2001: A Space Odyssey” in the computer HAL and how the different techniques have changed the perception of the viewer.

NOTE: The description must be approximately 300 words (minimum). It should aim to describe your research topic in a concise and precise way. You should complete the document through consultation with you project supervisor – incorporating any further conceptualisation that they provide.

Try to use language that is clear and understandable for a general and non-expert audience.

Supervisor: Supervisor Signature:

Name: Chris Dubock

University ID: N0170475

Signature:

Date:

PRP - Research for Agreement form

These are the main sources I used whilst writing my PRP Agreement form:

The Directors Template: 180 degree axis rule and coverage. Kuleshov effect
http://www.solutioneers.net/cinema/axis.htm

The Kubrick Corner The Kuleshov effect
http://kubrickfilms.tripod.com/id21.html

Times Higher Education
'MTV generation learns through fun'
http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storycode=403507

EastGate
span of attention
http://www.eastgate.com/HypertextNow/archives/Attention.html

The 'Grammar' of Television and Film
http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/short/gramtv.html

Journal Article Excerpt:Scott Bukatman. Matters of Gravity: Special Effects and Supermen in the 20th Century Journal article by Oscar R. Marti; Utopian Studies, Vol. 16, 2005 Special effects – changes perception of viewers
http://www.questia.com/googleScholar.qst;jsessionid=KmrYxww6Lv0gnqqxNnSml5QKvmntS68BTQxfr0vpfGs7dryT2TTJ!568259201!-950397748?docId=5009651178

The Effects of edits on arousal, attention, and memory for television messages: When an edit is an edit can an edit be to much?
http://www.theaudioprof.com/research/pubs/potter.edits.pdf

Times Higher Education
'MTV generation learns through fun'
http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storycode=403507


Eastgate
Span of attention
http://www.eastgate.com/HypertextNow/archives/Attention.html

Addressing diverse learning styles through the use of multimedia
Atlanta, GA, USA
November 01-November 04
ISBN: 0-7803-3022-6
http://www.computer.org/portal/web/csdl/doi/10.1109/FIE.1995.483093

Carol A. Bodensteiner’s paper on “Predicting Public and Media Attention Span for Social Issues” found at: http://www.carolbodensteiner.com/Carol_Bodensteiner/Writing%20_files/PRQ-Predicting%20Attention%20Span-1996.pdf.

Simulated Project Research

After finding out about Pirate Bay and the Pirate Party I then went on to do some more research to find the answers to the questions we had to answer with in the add. I found out about when and why file sharing is illegal and I got the answeres in the Designs and Patents Act which I found in an article called "BBC Copyright and Filesharing" at Lawdit Reading Room http://www.lawdit.co.uk/reading_room/room/view_article.asp?name=../articles/1305-MC-Filesharing-BBC-Copyright.htm which was as follows:
“Section 16 of the Copyright Designs and Patents relates to 'acts restricted by copyright in a work' The owner of the copyright in a work has the exclusive right to do the following acts in the United Kingdom (a) to copy the work (see section 17) (b) to issue copies of the work to the public (see section 18); (c) to perform, show or play the work in public (see section 19); (d) to broadcast the work or include it in a cable programme service (see section 20); (e) to make an adaptation of the work or do any of the above in relation to an adaptation (see section 21); It follows that copyright in a work is infringed by a person who without the licence of the copyright owner does, or authorises another to do, any of the acts restricted by the copyright.”

I then wanted to find out the exact consiquences of file sharing, as they can change slighlty in each case I could not take Pirate Bay's as a definate. Up to $150,000 per copyrighted file £90,656 is what i found in a report on Sulair called "File-Sharing: Beware of the Consequences": http://speaking.stanford.edu/Back_Issues/SOC66/highlights/03.File-Sharing-Consequences.txt.html. I also found:
"No, it's 100% legal. In no state in the United States or in any other country is file sharing illegal. However, if you're sharing content that is protected by copyrights to other users that is illegal. Below are some good examples of where file sharing becomes illegal in many places around the world.
Downloading or sharing a copyrighted movie.
Sharing copyrighted songs (music) to other people who have not purchased those songs or downloading songs from other people when you've not purchased that song.
Sharing or downloading computer software (programs, games, etc.).
Downloading or sharing a copyrighted TV show or program."
at Computer Hope in an article called "Is file sharing illegal?" at: http://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch001042.htm